A Comparative Study of Fluticasone Propionate, Mometasone Furoate, and Saline Nasal Spray in the Treatment of Children with Adenoid Hypertrophy

Introduction:Adenoidectomy is currently considered the treatment of choice for relief of the nasal airway obstruction due to adenoid hypertrophy. Evidence suggests that topical nasal steroid sprays can cause a reduction in adenoid size. We aim to compare the effectiveness of fluticasone propionate, mometasone furoate (MF) and saline nasal sprays in relieving the signs and symptoms of adenoid hypertrophy and in reducing the size of the adenoids. MaterialsandMethods: We conducted a randomized comparative study on 60 patients divided into three groups A, B, C (20 each). Group A patients treated with fluticasone propionate nasal spray (400 μg/day), Group B patients treated with MF nasal spray (100 μg/day), and Group C patients treated with saline spray (0.65% w/v in purified water which is made isotonic and buffered). Treatment was given up to 12 weeks with follow‑up at 4, 8, and 12 weeks and at each follow‑up visit assessment was done. Final data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21 and numerical variables associated with different groups were analyzed and analysis of variance test was used. Results: Diagnostic nasal endoscopy and X‑ray grades at day 1 among the study groups were not statistically significant, whereas, at 12 weeks results among fluticasone and mometasone groups were significantly better (P < 0.001) as compared to the saline group. There was a significant improvement in the symptoms under all the categories with the use of fluticasone and mometasone. Conclusion: In our study, both fluticasone propionate and MF were able to effectively reduce symptoms and signs of adenoid hypertrophy as well as help in reducing the size of the enlarged adenoid. Both these drugs were well tolerated by the patients

Modulatory effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii on experimentally induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related non-neoplastic disease of the prostate gland in men that has become a global health issue in recent years. Due to the side effects of conventional treatment options, attention is now focused on phytotherapeutics for its management. We investigated the possible protective effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii in a rat model of testosterone propionate (TP) induced BPH. Rats were divided into five groups: Gr. I, untreated control group; Gr. II, TP group; Gr. III, TP + finasteride; Gr. IV, TP + S. cerevisiae var. boulardii; and Gr. V, S. cerevisiae var. boulardii group. Treatments were given daily for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, all rats were weighed and the prostatic indices, prostate specific antigen, serum testosterone concentration as well as the histological and histomorphometric changes were evaluated. Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii significantly (P <0.05) reduced prostate weight, prostatic index, serum prostate specific antigen, prostatic epithelial thickness and increased luminal diameter. Thus, the results of this study suggest that S. cerevisiae var. boulardii is a potential pharmacological candidate for management of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Topical therapy of various dermatoses with ImpoyzTM(clobetasol propionate) cream 0.025%

The most widely prescribed drugs for the treatment of a variety of dermatoses are Topical corticosteroids (TC). These medications are approved for the treatment of inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of dermatologic disorders due to their powerful symptom-relieving impact. Clobetasol propionate (CP) is the most popular (TC) used to relieve itching, redness, and oedema caused by a variety of skin disorders. Anti-inflammatory, anti-pruritic, and vasoconstrictive characteristics are all present in it. CP works by binding to cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors and activating glucocorticoid receptor-mediated gene expression, resulting in the production of anti-inflammatory proteins while suppressing the production of inflammatory mediators. The formulation is free from known contact allergens, such as propylene glycol, short-chain alcohols, and sorbitol-based emulsifiers, and has demonstrated hypoallergenic effects. The efficacy, safety, and clinical experience of utilizing CP 0.025% cream for the treatment of various dermatologic disorders are discussed in this case series

Efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate nasal spray in treatment ofadenoidal hypertrophic snoring in children

Abstract This study investigatedthe efficacy and safety offluticasone propionate nasal spray in treatment of adenoidal hypertrophic snoring in children.Fifty-six children with adenoidal hypertrophic snoring were enrolled. According to adenoidal-nasopharyngeal ratio (ANR) in lateral nasal X-ray examination,the children were assigned in moderategroup (23 cases) and severegroup (33 cases).The fluticasone propionate nasal spray was used for all patientsfor 4 weeks.In 56 patients, after treatment, compared with before treatment, the snoring, sleep apneaand nasal obstruction scores in moderategroupand the nasal obstruction score in severegroupwere significantly decreased,respectively (P < 0.05).The decreases of snoring, sleep apnea, mouth breathing and nasal obstruction scores after treatment in moderate group were significantly higher than those in severe group, respectively (P <0.001).After treatment, in 18 patients with ateral nasal X-ray examination,the adenoid size was obviously reduced, and the nasopharynx airway was obviously enlarged. The meanANRdropped from 0.76±0.10 to 0.72±0.09(P <0.001).Duringtreatment, only 2 of 56 patients were reported with intranasal dryness and occasional epistaxis, which were self-healed without treatment.Fluticasone propionate nasal spray is effective and safe for treatment of children's snoring caused by adenoidal hypertrophy.

Efficacy of fluticasone propionate cream alone or in combination with calcipotriol ointment in the treatment of mild to moderate plaque psoriasis: a randomized self-controlled study / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To evaluate short-term efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate 0.05% cream alone or in combination with calcipotriol 0.005% ointment in the treatment of mild to moderate plaque psoriasis.Methods:From October 2020 to January 2021, a randomized, open-labeled, self-controlled clinical trial was conducted among 30 patients with mild to moderate plaque psoriasis in Beijing Friendship Hospital. Skin lesions on the extremity of one side were topically treated with calcipotriol 0.005% ointment in the morning and fluticasone propionate 0.05% cream in the evening (combination group) , and lesions on the contralateral extremity were topically treated with fluticasone propionate 0.05% cream twice a day (fluticasone propionate group) . The treatment lasted 4 weeks. Before and 1, 2, 4 weeks after the start of treatment, the patients were followed up, clinical indices including static physician′s global assessment (sPGA) and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) were evaluated, and adverse events were recorded. Efficacy and safety were evaluated by using repeated measures analysis of variance, multivariate analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney rank sum test and two-independent-sample t test. Results:Before the treatment, there was no significant difference in sPGA or PASI score between the combination group and fluticasone propionate group (both P > 0.05) . After 1-week treatment, the fluticasone propionate group showed significantly decreased sPGA (1.10 ± 0.31 points) and PASI scores (1.05 ± 0.51 points) compared with the combination group (1.73 ± 0.45 points, 1.38 ± 0.69 points, F= 40.74, 4.38, respectively, both P < 0.05) ; after 2- and 4-week treatment, the combination group showed significantly decreased sPGA (0.83 ± 0.46 points, 0.23 ± 0.43 points, respectively) and PASI scores (0.53 ± 0.47 points, 0.23 ± 0.50 points, respectively) compared with the fluticasone propionate group (sPGA: 1.03 ± 0.18 points, 0.97 ± 0.32 points, F= 4.88, 56.14, respectively, both P < 0.05; PASI: 1.03 ± 0.51 points, 0.92 ± 0.54 points, F= 15.20, 26.36, respectively, both P < 0.05) . After 1-week treatment, the infiltration/hypertrophy severity score was significantly lower in the fluticasone propionate group than in the combination group ( U= 165.00, P < 0.05) ; after 2- and 4-week treatment, the erythema and scaling severity scores were significantly lower in the combination group than in the fluticasone propionate group (erythema: U= 540.00, 765.00, respectively, both P < 0.05; scaling: U= 825.00, 795.00, respectively, both P < 0.05) . Conclusion:Fluticasone propionate 0.05% cream alone exhibited a rapid onset of efficacy in the treatment of psoriasis, while fluticasone propionate 0.05% cream combined with calcipotriol 0.005% ointment was more effective after 2- and 4-week treatment, and both regimens showed a favorable safety profile.

Halomonas uses short-chain fatty acids to synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates / 生物工程学报

Halomonas can grow on diverse carbon sources. As it can be used for unsterile fermentation under high-salt conditions, it has been applied as a chassis for next-generation industrial biotechnology. Short-chain volatile fatty acids, including acetate, propionate, and butyrate, can be prepared from biomass and are expected to be novel carbon sources for microbial fermentation. Halomonas sp. TD01 and TD08 were subjected to shaking culture with 10-50 g/L butyrate, and they were found to effectively synthesize poly-3-hydroxybutyrate with butyrate as the carbon source. The highest yield of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate was achieved at butyrate concentration of 20 g/L (9.12 g/L and 7.37 g/L, respectively). Butyrate at the concentration > 20 g/L inhibited cell growth, and the yield of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate decreased to < 4 g/L when butyrate concentration was 50 g/L. Moreover, Halomonas sp. TD08 can accumulate the copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate by using propionate and butyrate as carbon sources. However, propionate was toxic to cells. To be specific, when 2 g/L propionate and 20 g/L butyrate were simultaneously provided, cell dry weight and polymer titer were 0.83 g/L and 0.15 g/L, respectively. The addition of glycerol significantly improved cell growth and boosted the copolymer titer to 3.95 g/L, with 3-hydroxyvalerate monomer content of 8.76 mol%. Short-chain volatile fatty acids would be promising carbon sources for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates by Halomonas.

Identification and quantitation of related substances of super potent steroid in its topical combination drug product with vitamin D3 analogue

Clobetasol propionate is an internationally accepted common name for 21-chloro-9-fluoro-11beta,17-dihydroxy16beta-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 17-propionate. The combination of calcipotriol (vitamin D3 analogue) andclobetasol propionate (super potent steroid) is being used as a topical formulation for the treatment of psoriasis fromseveral years. In this work, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography equipped with photodiode array detectorand a mass compatible mobile phase in a gradient elution is employed for the separation of five related substancesin presence of calcipotriol and its two impurities with a last eluting impurity in less than 11 minutes. A simple andefficient sample extraction procedure was developed to achieve the highest sensitivity as of today with limit of detectionand limit of quantitation of 0.03% and 0.10%, respectively, as required by industry for drug product of clobetasolpropionate and its combination products. Stationary phase with fused core particle technology is employed for theseparation of impurities. Precision of the method is found to be less than 1.0% Relative standard deviation (RSD). Thecorrelation coefficient is >0.999. Accuracy of method is ranged from 93.3% to 108.0%. This is the first reported Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method for the estimation of five related substances of clobetasolpropionate in its combination product with calcipotriol.

Comparative Study of Topical Treatment in Allergic Rhinitis Using Azelastine and Fluticasone in a Combination Verses Fluticasone Propionate Alone.

Background: Amongst the common problems facedglobally, Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is very distressing attimes. This is an inflammatory response to either knownor unknown allergen. The symptomatic relief in ARusing topical steroid Fluticasone propionate andantihistaminic Azelastine Hydrochloride in acombination has been studied. Very few studies showingcomparison between these two drugs in a combinationand steroid alone are available in the literature. Aim andObjectives: To study the effectiveness of topicaltreatment using corticosteroid Fluticasone propionateand antihistaminic in a combination versus Fluticasonepropionate alone in patients of AR. Material andMethods: The cases presented with symptoms ofallergic rhinitis were randomized in two groups at startof treatment. All cases of Group I were treated withFluticasone propionate whereas of Group II withFluticasone propionate and Azelastine hydrochloridecombination. In each group, the individual symptomscores were recorded pre-treatment and post-treatmentat the end of four weeks with the help of symptomevaluation scale. Based on these individual symptomscores, the Total Symptom Score (TSS) was calculated.The effectiveness of group specific drugs was evaluatedby comparing individual and TSS. Results: After fourweeks, both TSS and individual symptom score werereduced in either group (p<0.05). Further, Group IIspecific drug was found more effective than Group-I inrelieving symptoms of AR. Conclusion: TSS decreasedby an average of 84.14% in Group-I (i.e. treated withFluticasone propionate) and by 91.16% in Group–II (i.e.treated with Fluticasone propionate and Azelastinehydrochloride I in a combination).

Effect of acupuncture plus medication on the pulmonary ventilation, IFN-γ level and sleep quality in allergic rhinitis patients / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the effect of warm-unblocking acupuncture plus fluticasone propionate nasal spray on the pulmonary ventilation, level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and sleep quality in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: A total of 112 AR patients were enrolled between January 2013 and August 2018 and were divided into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method, with 56 cases in each group. Patients in the observation group received warm-unblocking acupuncture plus fluticasone propionate nasal spray, and patients in the control group only received fluticasone propionate nasal spray. The nasal symptom score, pulmonary function indexes, the levels of IFN-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 in serum, and sleep quality in the two groups were compared. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The nasal symptom score dropped in both groups after treatment (both P＜0.05), and the score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The pulmonary ventilation indexes all increased significantly after treatment in the observation group (all P＜0.05); the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio (FEV1/FVC) and the forced expiratory flow at 50%, 75% and 25%-75% of the vital capacity (FEF50%, FEF75%, FEF25%-75%) increased after treatment in the control group (all P＜0.05); the pulmonary ventilation indexes were higher in the observation group than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). The level of IFN-γ increased significantly after treatment in the two groups (both P＜0.05) and the level of IL-4 dropped significantly (both P＜0.05); the observation group had a higher IFN-γ level (P＜0.05) and a lower IL-4 level (P＜0.05) compared with the control group. Regarding the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the scores of subjective sleep quality, habitual sleep efficiency and sleep disturbances and the general PSQI score decreased significantly after treatment in both groups (all P＜0.05), and the scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: Warm-unblocking acupuncture plus fluticasone propionate nasal spray can effectively control the clinical symptoms and improve pulmonary function in the treatment of AR; this approach can regulate the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 towards the normal range in AR patients; it can also improve patient’s sleep quality. This method can produce more significant efficacy than fluticasone propionate nasal spray used alone.

Qualitative and quantitative assessment of related substances in the Compound Ketoconazole and Clobetasol Propionate Cream by HPLC-TOF-MS and HPLC / 药物分析学报

Related substances in pharmaceutical formulations are associated with their safety, efficacy and stability. However, there is no overall study already published on the assessment of related substances in the Compound Ketoconazole and Clobetasol Propionate Cream. In this work, a reliable HPLC-TOF-MS qua-litative method was developed for the analysis of related substances in this preparation with a quick and easy extraction procedure. Besides the active pharmaceutical ingredients, two compounds named ke-toconazole impurity B′ optical isomer and ketoconazole impurity E were identified. Furthermore, a new HPLC method for qualitative and quantitative assessment on related substances and degradation pro-ducts, which were found in the stability test, was established and validated. The single standard to determine multi-components method was applied in the quantitative analysis, which was an effective way for reducing cost and improving accuracy. This study can provide a creative idea for routine analysis of quality control of the Compound Ketoconazole and Clobetasol Propionate Cream.

Application of flash nanoprecipitation to fabricate poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles

Nanoparticles are considered to be a powerful approach for the delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. One of the main challenges is developing an appropriate method for preparation of drug nanoparticles. As a simple, rapid and scalable method, the flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) has been widely used to fabricate these drug nanoparticles, including pure drug nanocrystals, polymeric micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and polyelectrolyte complexes. This review introduces the application of FNP to produce poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles by controllable mixing devices, such as confined impinging jets mixer (CIJM), multi-inlet vortex mixer (MIVM) and many other microfluidic mixer systems. The formation mechanisms and processes of drug nanoparticles by FNP are described in detail. Then, the controlling of supersaturation level and mixing rate during the FNP process to tailor the ultrafine drug nanoparticles as well as the influence of drugs, solvent, anti-solvent, stabilizers and temperature on the fabrication are discussed. The ultrafine and uniform nanoparticles of poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles prepared by CIJM, MIVM and microfluidic mixer systems are reviewed briefly. We believe that the application of microfluidic mixing devices in laboratory with continuous process control and good reproducibility will be benefit for industrial formulation scale-up.

Combining a probiotic with organic salts presents synergistic in vitro inhibition against aquaculture bacterial pathogens

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate 1) the in vitro effect of organic salts on the growth of the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum and then 2) the combined use of a probiotic with organic salts on the in vitro inhibition of V. alginolyticus, A. hydrophila, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. agalactiae. In vitro tests were performed with eight different organic salts, including butyrate, propionate, succinate, citrate, formate, fumarate, glutamate, and acetate, at two pH values (6.2 and 7.1) to determine their effect on the growth kinetics of L. plantarum. In addition, each organic salt was tested alone and in combination with L. plantarum to evaluate the inhibitory effect against the pathogenic bacteria noted above in either condition. Sodium citrate and formate inhibited the growth of L. plantarum, but sodium glutamate, succinate and fumarate stimulated it. Sodium propionate, butyrate, and acetate did not affect probiotic growth at all. Inhibition against all pathogens was significantly higher in the presence of the probiotic and lower pH. Comparing all organic salts at the two pH values, butyrate, acetate, and propionate exhibited more inhibition against V. alginolyticus than the others, while propionate had higher inhibition against A. hydrophila, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and fumarate successfully inhibited S. agalactiae. Based on these results, it can be concluded that organic salts showed better in vitro inhibition against the aquaculture pathogenic bacteria tested when combined with the probiotic L. plantarum.

Inhibitory Effect of Pueraria Isoflavones on Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect and possible mechanisms of puerariae isoflavone(PI) on prostatic hyperplasia induced by testosterone propionate.METHODS: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups according to their body weight including normal control group, model group, 40, 80, 160 mg•kg-1•d-1 PI group, and finasteride positive control group. In addition to the sham operation for rats in the normal control group, the rats in other five groups performed castration surgery. After the restoration, the five groups of rats were subcutaneously injected with testosterone propionate (10 mg•kg-1•d-1) for 10 d to establish a benign prostatic hyperplasia model and then the subcutaneous injection was maintained every 2 d. High, middle and low dose PI groups were intragastrically administered (40, 80, 160 mg•kg-1•d-1) from the second day when the benign prostatic hyperplasia model was successfully constructed. The positive control group was given finasteride (1.0 mg•kg-1•d-1).Rats in normal and model groups were given an equal volume of saline for 28 d. After the last administration, the prostate and seminal vesicles were separated under anesthesia in rats, the wet weight and volume of the prostate and seminal vesicles were measured. The prostate and seminal vesicles index were calculated too. Rat blood was drawn and dihydrotestosterone(DHT) and estradiol (E2) in the serum were measured. Nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in prostate tissues were measured. The prostate tissue in each group was randomly selected for HE staining. The pathological structure of the prostate tissue was observed under an optical microscope.RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, the prostate gland index and seminal vesicle gland index of the model group increased significantly (P<0.01), and the DHT and E2 levels in serum increased significantly (P<0.01). MDA content was increased while NO levels, NOS and SOD activities were significantly decreased (P<0.01). HE staining showed that the size of the prostate gland in the model group was different, there were obvious dilation, hyperplasia and papillary protrusions, and the cavity was full of pink and homogeneous density. The interstitial tissue showed obvious dilations of blood vessels, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and proliferation of fibrous connective tissues. Compared with the model group, the index and volume of prostate and seminal vesicles in the PI and positive control groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the levels of serum DHT and E2 in the middle and high doses PI groups were significantly lower (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In all treatment groups, MDA content was decreased and NO, NOS, and SOD levels were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01) except the low-dose PI groups. There was moderately hyperplasia in low-dose PI group, mild prostatic hyperplasia in positive control group and middle-dose PI group, basically no hyperplasia in high-dose PI group.CONCLUSION: PI has a certain inhibitory effect on prostate hyperplasia induced by testosterone propionate, especially in the medium and high dose PI groups. The mechanism may be related to the effects of pueraria isoflavone on antioxidant,free radical scavenging in vivo, increasing NOS activity and increasing NO level.

Determination Method Improvement for the Two Ingredients in Ketoconazole and Clobetasol Propionate Cream / 中国药师

Objective:To establish a method for the content determination of two ingredients in ktoconazole and clobetasol propio -nate cream.Methods:HPLC was performed on a Kromasil C 18 column (250 mm ×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase of metha-nol-sodium acetate with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 ml· min-1 .The detection wavelength was 239 nm, the column tempera-ture was 30℃and the injection volume was 10 μl.Results:The linear range was 160.30-1282.40 μg· ml-1 for ketoconazole (r=1.0000) and 4.03-32.24μg· ml-1 for clobetasol propionate (r=1.0000).The average recoveries were 100.9％(RSD=0.52％, n=9) and 100.2％(RSD=0.56％,n=9), respectively.Conclusion:The method is accurate with good specificity and high sensi-tivity, which can be used for the detection of ketoconazole and clobetasol propionate .

Effects of Yupingfeng Granules on Immune Function and Related Indexes of Children with Allergic Rhinitis Complicated with Bronchial Asthma / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Yupingfeng granules on immune function and related indexes of children with allergic rhinitis (AR) complicated with bronchial asthma (BA). METHODS: Clinical information of 101 children with AR complicated with BA during Feb. 2014-Sept. 2017 were analyzed retrospectively, and they were divided into control group (47 cases) and observation group (54 cases) according to treatment plan. Control group was given Salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation through mouth, one inhalation, twice a day+Mometasone furoate nasal spray 50 μg each nostril. Observation group was additionally given Yupingfeng granules 5 g orally, 3 times a day, for consecutive 2 weeks, drug withdrawal at 2 weeks interval, recycled 3 times. Both groups received treatment for consecutive 3 months. Clinical symptom and sign scores, the levels of T-lymphocyte subgroup (CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+), IL-4, IFN-γ and IgE before and after treatment, the occurrence of ADR were observed in 2 groups. RESULTS: Before treatment, there was no statistical significance in clinical symptom and sign scores, levels of T-lymphocyte subgroup, serum levels of IL-4, IFN-γ or IgE between 2 groups (P＞0. 05). After treatment, clinical symptom and sign scores, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, serum levels of IL-4 and IgE in 2 groups were all significantly lower than before treatment; observation group was significantly lower than control group. CD8+ and serum levels of IFN-y in 2 groups after treatment were significantly higher than before treatment; observation group was significantly higher than control group, with statistical significance (P＜0. 05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups (P＞0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Yupingfeng granules can effectively improve immune function of children with AR complicated with BA, and relieve clinical symptom without increasing the occurrence of ADR.

Effects of alcohol on benign prostate hyperplasia induced by testosterone propionate in mice / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effects of alcohol administration on benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH) and the reproductive toxicity during development of benign prostate hyperplasia.@*METHODS@#Seventy adult male Kunming mice were randomly divided into seven groups:control (group CON), negative control (group NC, injected subcutaneously with soybean oil, 25 mg/(kg·d), intragastric administration of distilled water, 7.5 ml/(kg·d)), alcohol for 7 and 21 days (group AL7 and AL21, intragastric administration with wine of 50% alcohol, 7.5 ml/(kg·d)), testosterone propionate for 7 and 21 days (group TP7 and TP21, injected subcutaneously with testosterone propionate, 25 mg/(kg·d)), testosterone propionate+alcohol for 7 days (group TP+AL7, injected subcutaneously with testosterone propionate, 25 mg/(kg·d), and intragastric administration with wine of 50% alcohol, 7.5 ml/(kg·d)),10 mice in each groups. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, mice were sacrificed. The indexes of prostate and testis and the parameters of sperm were determined in mice. The levels of free radicals, antioxidation and histopathological changes in testis and prostate were determined.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control, TP7d group, AL7 and AL21d groups, the prostate coefficient of TP + AL7d group was increased significantly and the quantity and quality of sperm were decreased significantly (0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The typical BPH state could be induced after 7-day treatment of testosterone propionate and alcohol. The testicular and sperm were damaged which enhanced the oxidative stress in reproductive system. The results indicated that alcohol could significantly promote the prostate hyperplasia induced by testosterone propionate in mice.

Clinical effect of fluticasone propionate combined with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in the emergency treatment of AECOPD / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the clinical effect of fluticasone propionate combined with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in the emergency treatment of AECOPD .Methods 88 AECOPD patients were selected, and they were divided into two groups by digital random method ,44 cases in each group.The control group received conventional treatment, the observation group received fluticasone propionate and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation treatment.The curative effect of the two groups was compared .Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 100.0%,which was higher than 70.5% of the control group (χ2 =10.827,P =0.000).After treatment,in the observation group,the FVC was (2.50 ±0.32)L,forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 ) was (1.36 ±0.20) L,the first second forced expiratory solvent percentage of predicted value ratio (FEV1%) was (51.23 ±4.32),the arterial oxygen pressure(PaO2 ) was (10.51 ±2.10) kPa,arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2 ) was (5.15 ±1.19) kPa,and in the control group,the FVC was (2.00 ±0.30) L,FEV1 was (1.08 ±0.12)L,FEV1% was (40.6 ±4.03),PaO2 was (9.32 ±2.11) kPa,PaCO2 was (6.06 ±1.23) kPa,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t =7.940,9.192,8.102,8.920,9.920,P =0.023, 0.006,0.011,0.008,0.005).The readmission rate of the observation group was 4.5%,which was significantly lower than 13.6% of the control group (χ2 =9.298,P =0.000).Conclusion Fluticasone propionate combined with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in the treatment of AECOPD patients can effectively improve lung function , reduce the relapse rate of the disease.

Effects of salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder in combination with montelukast on pulmonary function and serum inflammatory cytokines in children with cough variant asthma / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propio-nate powder(seretide) in combination with montelukast on children with cough variant asthma (CVA),and its effect on pulmonary function and serum inflammatory cytokines .Methods 200 patients with CVA were enrolled ,and they were randomly divided into two groups according to the random number table ,100 cases in each group .The control group was treated with seretide ,while the observation group was treated with seretide and montelukast sodium ,both two groups were treated for 3 months.The clinical efficacy,pulmonary function and serum inflammatory cytokines were compared between the two groups .Results The total effective rate of the observation group ( 88.3％) was significantly higher than that of the control group (70.3％;χ2 =9.146,P<0.05).The duration of remission and disappearance of cough symptoms in the observation group were (5.45 ±1.32) d,(8.63 ±1.96) d,respectively, which were significantly shorter than those in the control group [(7.33 ±2.46) d,(12.61 ±1.84) d;t =6.505, 14.229,all P<0.05].There were no statistically significant differences in FEV 1,FEV1/FVC,PEF,IgE,TNF-αand IL-17 between the two groups before treatment (all P>0.05).After treatment,the levels of FEV1,FEV1/FVC, PEF were all significantly higher than those before treatment [(2.11 ±0.34) L,(73.71 ±11.44)％,(86.34 ± 7.85)％,t=18.149,7.664,19.196,all P<0.05;(1.82 ±0.35)L,(69.36 ±10.79)％,(81.66 ±8.03)％,t=9.312,5.418,13.627,all P <0.05],and IgE,TNF -α,IL -17 levels were significantly decreased [(141.3 ± 38.2)ng/L,(624.7 ±213.2) ng/L,(6.1 ±2.1) ng/L,t =15.200,13.708,15.881,all P <0.05;(191.5 ±41.9) ng/L,(835.5 ±326.3)ng/L,(9.4 ±2.7) ng/L,t=6.784,6.206,8.550,all P<0.05].The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t=5.717,2.659,4.008,8.521,4.842,9.296,all P<0.05). Conclusion Salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder in combination with montelukast sodium has excellent clinical effect in the treatment of children with CVA ,which can improve the pulmonary function and reduce inflammatory cytokines .

Degradation rates and products of fluticasone propionate in alkaline solutions / 药物分析学报

The apparent degradation rate constant of fluticasone propionate (FLT) in 0.1 M NaOH:methanol=1:1 at 37 ℃ was previously reported to be 0.169 ± 0.003 h?1, and four degradation products (products 1–4) were observed in the solution. The aims of the present study were to assess the degradation rates of FLT in other alkaline solutions and clarify the chemical structures of the four degradation products in order to obtain basic data for designing an enema for inflammatory bowel disease. The apparent degradation rate constants in 0.05 M NaOH and 0.1 M NaOH:CH3CN=1:1 were 0.472 ± 0.013 h?1 and 0.154 ± 0.000 h?1 (n=3), respectively. The chemical structures of products 1–4 in 0.1 M NaOH:methanol=1:1 were revealed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry data. The chemical structure of products 2 was that the 17-position of the thioester moiety of FLT was substituted by a carboxylic acid. The degradation product in 0.1 M NaOH:CH3CN=1:1 was found to be product 2 based on 1H NMR data. The degradation product in 0.05 M NaOH was considered to be product 2 based on the retention time of HPLC. These results are useful for detecting the degradation products of FLT by enzymes of the intestinal bacterial flora in the large intestine after dosing FLT as an enema.

Efficacy of salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast in the treatment of moderate and severe bronchial asthma / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast in the treatment of moderate and severe bronchial asthma. Methods 112 patients with moderate and severe bronchial asthma in Taizhou hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected and divided into the control and the study group according to the time of visiting hospital, 56 cases in each group. The control group were given salmeterol fluticasone propionate for treatment, the study group were treated with salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast .Keep a record of the asthma control test (ACT), forced expiratory volume (FEV1) percentage expected index changes of pre-treatment and 8 weeks after treatment. Results ACT score and FEV1 percentage expected index changes of two groups there was no significant difference before the treatment. After treatment, ACT score and FEV1 percentage expected index changes of the study group was better than the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast in the treatment can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of patients.